What is Stagflation?

 
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by S. Wade Hansen

The Worst of Both Worlds

Stagflation is, economically speaking, the worst of both worlds: economic stagnation and inflation at the same time.What is Stagflation

Hence the name---"stag" comes from stagnation and "flation" comes from inflation.

 
Economic Stagnation

Economic stagnation shows its ugly head in multiple ways. However, the two most dramatic numbers economists and politicians watch when evaluating economic stagnation are gross domestic product (GDP) and unemployment.

When GDP numbers are shrinking and unemployment numbers are rising, you have economic stagnation.

Inflation


Inflation is the incedious loss of purchasing power that comes when a currency becomes worth less and less.

Why Worry About Stagflation?

Stagflation is an incredibly difficult economic problem to solve because the main tool the Federal Reserve uses to boost economic growth and curb inflation---the Federal Funds Rate---can only work on one problem at a time. [Learn more about The Monetary Policy Tools of the Federal Reserve.]

If the Fed wants to combat economic stagnation, it typically lowers the Federal Funds Rate.

Conversely, if the Fed wants to combat inflation, it typically raises the Federal Funds Rate.

Obviously, the Fed cannot both lower and raise the Federal Funds Rate at the same time, and thus it has to choose. Should it fight economic stagnation at the cost of rising inflation, or should it fight rising inflation at the cost of economic stagnation?

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Comments Add New
Ghassan  - Stagnation   |2009-04-07 22:38:13
Is the the term stagnation is the same of depression.
swadehansen  - Stagnation, Recession, Depression   |2009-04-08 00:55:30
Economic stagnation can be a depression, a recession or just an economic
slowdown. In the 1970s, the stagnation that made up the front half of the
stagflation we saw was caused by a recession.
prasad  - stagflation   |2009-04-17 20:53:28
stagflation may result in lesser gdp, as off now india's gdp is very less
compared to earlier.. so india may face this situation??
swadehansen  - India and Stagflation   |2009-04-20 04:00:17
I'm not as familiar with the Indian economy, but the same principles should
apply to any open market economy.
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